大型航空模型制作：航空模型由哪些部分组成?
发布时间：2024-05-28 来源：/
航空模型与真飞机一样，主要由机翼、尾翼、起落架、机身和发动机五大部分组成。
An aviation model, like a real aircraft, mainly consists of five major parts: wings, tail wings, landing gear, fuselage, and engine.
机翼：是模型在飞行时产生升力的装置，并能保持模型的横侧安定。
Wing: a device that generates lift during flight and maintains lateral stability of the model.
尾翼：包括水平尾翼和垂直尾翼两部分。水平尾翼保持模型飞行时的俯仰安定，垂直尾翼保持方向安定。水平尾翼的升降舵能控制模型的升降，垂直尾翼的方向舵能控制模型的飞行方向。
Tail wing: includes two parts: horizontal tail wing and vertical tail wing. The horizontal tail maintains pitch stability during model flight, while the vertical tail maintains directional stability. The elevator of the horizontal tail can control the lifting of the model, and the rudder of the vertical tail can control the flight direction of the model.
起落架：供起飞、降落及停放用。
Landing gear: used for takeoff, landing, and parking.
机身：主要作用是将模型各个部分组成一个整体，同时可以装载必要的控制机件、设备和燃料等。
Body: Its main function is to integrate various parts of the model into a whole, and it can also load necessary control components, equipment, and fuel.
发动机：它是模型飞机飞行的动力装置。
Engine: It is the power device for the flight of a model aircraft.
前缘：翼型的最前端。
Leading edge: The forefront of an airfoil.
后缘：翼型的最后端。
Trailing edge: The last end of an airfoil.
翼展：机翼（尾翼）左右翼尖间的直线距离。
Wing span: The straight-line distance between the left and right wingtips of a wing (tail).
翼弦：机翼或尾翼的前后缘之间的距离。
Wing chord: The distance between the leading and trailing edges of a wing or tail.
机身长：模型飞机最前端到最末端的直线距离。
Body length: The straight-line distance from the front end to the end of a model aircraft.
重心：模型各部分重力的合力点。
Center of gravity: The resultant point of gravity of each part of the model.
上反角：机翼前缘线与模型横轴线之间的夹角。
Upward angle: The angle between the leading edge line of the wing and the transverse axis of the model.
机翼安装角：机翼翼弦与机身纵轴线之间的夹角。
Wing installation angle: the angle between the wing chord and the longitudinal axis of the fuselage.
机翼迎角：飞行中机翼与迎面留过的气流之间的夹角。
Wing angle of attack: The angle between the wing and the airflow passing over it during flight.
翼载荷：单位升力面积所承受的飞行重量。
Wing load: The flight weight borne per unit lift area.
总升力面积：是模型飞机处于水平飞行状态时，机翼的总面积以及水平和倾斜安放的尾翼面积，在水平面上的正投影面积之和。
Total lift area: refers to the total area of the wings of a model aircraft in horizontal flight, as well as the total area of the tail wings placed horizontally and obliquely, and the sum of the forward projection areas on the horizontal plane.
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